What Defines an American? Revisiting Our Foundational Principles

Defining American Identity: The Principles That Unite Us

What does it truly mean to be an American? This question was recently explored by Hillsdale College Professor Matthew Spalding during a discussion with Derrick Morgan from the Heritage Foundation, where they delved into Spalding’s provocative new book, The Making of the American Mind. This dialogue could not be more timely, as it challenges us to reflect on the core principles that shape our national identity.

The Declaration of Independence: A Blueprint for Unity

At the heart of their conversation was an examination of the Declaration of Independence, a document that Spalding argues provides a foundational answer to what makes an American an American. Its most famous assertion, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal," captures the essence of American ideals. But Spalding warns that we often overlook the profound weight of these words.

He emphasizes that the Declaration does not present subjective values for personal endorsement; instead, it proclaims objective truths that should unite us. This perspective is essential in a time where individual interpretations of truth seem to dominate public discourse. For Spalding, there is no room for "my truth" versus "your truth"—there is only one truth that underpins our rights and liberties.

Nuance Over Binary Thinking

Another key takeaway from Spalding’s insights is the need for prudence and nuance in our judgments. He critiques the modern tendency to view issues in binary terms: everything is either completely good or utterly bad. This black-and-white thinking neglects the complexity of human experience and decision-making. The Founding Fathers understood the value of prudential judgment, and it is this virtue that must guide the American project moving forward.

The Sacred Oath of Mutual Commitment

Spalding also highlights the final line of the Declaration, where the Founders pledged to each other their lives, fortunes, and sacred honor. This line encapsulates a profound commitment—a promise not just to one another, but to the principles of liberty and justice that define our nation. The use of the word "sacred" hints at a theological underpinning, suggesting that the ideals of America are not merely philosophical but divinely inspired.

Moreover, he notes the multiple references to God in the Declaration, emphasizing the Founders’ belief in a divine providence that actively shapes human affairs, contrasting sharply with a more detached, deistic view that has gained traction in modern discourse.

The Urgent Need to Reclaim Our Principles

Spalding asserts that the Declaration is the glue that binds Americans to their founding principles. It is the declaration of universal truths about human liberty that makes America exceptional. If we allow these principles to erode, we risk losing our nation’s identity entirely. He points out the historical attempts to undermine the Declaration—first by defenders of slavery like John C. Calhoun, and later by the Progressive movement—which sought to dismantle the very principles on which America was built.

A Call to Action: Celebrating Our Heritage

As we approach significant anniversaries, including the 250th anniversary of the Declaration and the Constitution, Spalding calls for a renewed appreciation of our heritage. Each anniversary is an opportunity to reflect on the patriotic moments that forge our identity as Americans. This is crucial, as fostering love for our country requires an understanding of its foundational principles.

In a time of division and uncertainty, Spalding’s arguments serve as a rallying cry for Americans to reconnect with the core truths that unite us. It is through this collective commitment that we can ensure the preservation of our democratic ideals for future generations.